The friction of road surface covered by snow or ice is very low and that results\nin reducing vehicle traction forces and potential traffic accidents. In\ngeneral, to establish a master curve on a rubber-ice friction model is difficult\nbecause the ice surface, being not far removed from its melting point, reacts\nitself very sensitively to pressure, speed, and temperature changes. In this paper,\nan acceptable frictional interaction model was implemented to finite\nelement method to rationally examine the frictional interaction behavior on\nice between the tire and the road surface. The formula of friction characteristic\naccording to temperature and sliding velocity on the ice surface was applied\nfor tire traction analysis. Numerical results were verified by comparing\nthe outdoor test data and it was confirmed to indicate similar correlation. It is\nfound that the rubber-ice friction model will be useful for the improvement\nof the ice traction performance of tire.
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